Original Research

Prognostics optical coherence tomography biomarker in macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion

Andrea R. Silitonga, Hanna T.H. Silitonga, Rova Virgana, Iwan Sovani, Arief Kartasasmita, Erwin Iskandar, Grimaldi Ihsan, Made Indra
African Vision and Eye Health | Vol 84, No 1 | a965 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.4102/aveh.v84i1.965 | © 2025 Andrea R. Silitonga, Hanna T.H. Silitonga, Rova Virgana, Iwan Sovani, Arief Kartasasmita, Erwin Iskandar, Grimaldi Ihsan, Made Indra | This work is licensed under CC Attribution 4.0
Submitted: 17 June 2024 | Published: 31 January 2025

About the author(s)

Andrea R. Silitonga, SMEC Eye Hospital, Medan, Indonesia
Hanna T.H. Silitonga, Department of Public Health, Preventive Medicine and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ciputra University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Rova Virgana, Vitreoretinal Department, Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Iwan Sovani, Vitreoretinal Department, Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Arief Kartasasmita, Vitreoretinal Department, Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Erwin Iskandar, Vitreoretinal Department, Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Grimaldi Ihsan, Vitreoretinal Department, Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
Made Indra, Vitreoretinal Department, Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Identifying biomarkers predictive of future best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-MO) is crucial for improving risk assessment, management strategies and patient consultations.

Aim: This study aimed to identify baseline optical coherence tomography (OCT) predictors of visual prognosis in RVO-MO following intravitreal bevacizumab (IVB) injection.

Setting: The study was conducted at Cicendo Eye Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia.

Methods: Retrospective study of 36 treatment-naïve eyes with RVO-MO (22 eyes with central retinal vein occlusion and 14 eyes with branch retinal vein occlusion). Each eye received at least three monthly IVB injections with a minimum follow-up of 4 months. Assessment of baseline OCT images focused on a 3-mm-wide retinal area centred on the fovea. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed.

Result: There was a significant improvement in mean BCVA from 1.15 ± 0.42 logMAR to 0.80 ± 0.55 logMAR (P < 0.001) and a reduction in mean central macular thickness (CMT) from 732.2 μm ± 298.9 μm to 437.7 μm ± 352.9 μm (P < 0.001). Univariate regression analysis highlighted worse baseline BCVA and higher baseline CMT as factors correlating with poorer outcomes post-treatment. Several OCT biomarkers such as disorganisation of the retinal inner layer (DRIL) and disruption of the ellipsoid zone (EZ) and the external limiting membrane (ELM) were identified but did not show significant associations with final BCVA after multivariate analysis.

Conclusion: Baseline OCT biomarkers may elucidate the extent of vision loss; however, they may not be reliable in predicting treatment outcomes.


Keywords

branch retinal vein occlusion; central retinal vein occlusion; macular oedema; OCT Biomarker; bevacizumab intravitreal injection

Sustainable Development Goal

Goal 3: Good health and well-being

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